Kano Model

Use it when you need to identify which features will delight users versus which are just baseline expectations.

Category

Prioritization & Decision-Making

Prioritization & Decision-Making

Originator

Noriaki Kano

Noriaki Kano

Time to implement

1 week

1 week

Difficulty

Beginner

Beginner

Popular in

User research

User research

Marketing

Marketing

What is it?

The Kano Model is a feature‐prioritization framework that helps you categorize product attributes based on how they impact customer satisfaction.

Originally developed by Dr. Noriaki Kano, it classifies features into five buckets, Must‐Haves (basic expectations), Performance (linear drivers of satisfaction), Delighters (unexpected perks), Indifferent (neutral impact), and Reverse (dissatisfiers for some users). By running a functional/dysfunctional user survey, you uncover which features users take for granted versus those that wow them. This approach solves the common product‐development problem of wasting resources on low‐impact tweaks or overlooking ‘delighters' that boost engagement.

With the Kano Model, you base roadmap decisions on quantitative customer feedback, balancing baseline expectations against innovation. Search terms like “Kano analysis,” “customer satisfaction framework,” and “feature classification” usually point you here, because nothing beats seeing your roadmap through your users' eyes.

Why it matters?

By pinpointing which features customers expect versus those that delight, the Kano Model ensures you invest development resources where they drive maximum satisfaction and reduce churn. That leads to higher retention, better word‐of‐mouth, and more efficient use of your engineering budget, fueling scalable, sustainable growth.

How it works

Growth co-pilot turns your toughest product questions into clear, data-backed recommendations you can act on immediately.

1

Define your feature list

Gather candidate features or improvements you're considering and write clear descriptions for each.

2

Design Kano survey

For each item, create paired questions, one functional (“How would you feel if this existed?”) and one dysfunctional (“How would you feel if it didn't?”), with a five‐point satisfaction scale.

3

Collect and categorize responses

Survey a representative user sample, then map answers to Kano categories (Must‐Have, Performance, Delighter, Indifferent, Reverse) based on response patterns.

4

Quantify impact

Calculate the percentage of responses in each category per feature. Rank features by their potential to boost satisfaction or avoid dissatisfaction.

5

Prioritize your roadmap

Invest in Must‐Haves to prevent churn, optimize Performance features for growth, and selectively build Delighters to surprise and retain users.

Frequently asked questions

Growth co-pilot turns your toughest product questions into clear, data-backed recommendations you can act on immediately.

What are the five Kano categories and how do they differ?

Must‐Haves are basic expectations you must deliver or users tune out; Performance features drive satisfaction proportionally; Delighters wow users unexpectedly; Indifferent features don't move the needle; Reverse features annoy some users if present.

What are the five Kano categories and how do they differ?

Must‐Haves are basic expectations you must deliver or users tune out; Performance features drive satisfaction proportionally; Delighters wow users unexpectedly; Indifferent features don't move the needle; Reverse features annoy some users if present.

How many survey responses do I need for reliable Kano analysis?

Aim for 50–100 responses from your target segment. That gives you enough data to spot clear category patterns without overengineering your research.

How many survey responses do I need for reliable Kano analysis?

Aim for 50–100 responses from your target segment. That gives you enough data to spot clear category patterns without overengineering your research.

Can I update my Kano analysis over time?

Absolutely. User expectations evolve, re‐run your Kano survey every 6–12 months or after major releases to catch shifting priorities and emerging delighters.

Can I update my Kano analysis over time?

Absolutely. User expectations evolve, re‐run your Kano survey every 6–12 months or after major releases to catch shifting priorities and emerging delighters.

How should I treat Indifferent and Reverse features?

Indifferent features get minimal investment, they don't boost satisfaction. Reverse features may require customization or avoidance, especially if they hurt your core users.

How should I treat Indifferent and Reverse features?

Indifferent features get minimal investment, they don't boost satisfaction. Reverse features may require customization or avoidance, especially if they hurt your core users.

Is Kano Model suitable for B2B SaaS products?

Yes. Whether you're building internal tools or enterprise software, Kano helps you distinguish between bare‐bones functionality and features that drive customer advocacy and reduce churn.

Is Kano Model suitable for B2B SaaS products?

Yes. Whether you're building internal tools or enterprise software, Kano helps you distinguish between bare‐bones functionality and features that drive customer advocacy and reduce churn.

You've used the Kano Model to uncover must‐haves and surprise delighters, now use the CrackGrowth diagnostic to spot hidden UX blockers in those high‐impact features and launch targeted experiments that skyrocket your customer satisfaction.