Empathy Map

Use it when you need to align your team around genuine user motivations, pain points, and behaviors.

Category

Problem Discovery & User Insight

Problem Discovery & User Insight

Originator

Dave Gray

Dave Gray

Time to implement

1 day

1 day

Difficulty

Beginner

Beginner

Popular in

UX design

UX design

Marketing

Marketing

What is it?

The Empathy Map is a collaborative workshop tool created by Dave Gray to help teams dig beyond surface‐level user data and uncover the real thoughts, feelings, pains, and gains driving customer behavior.

It breaks down user insight into six key quadrants, Says, Thinks, Does, Feels, Sees, and Hears, plus Pains and Gains. By mapping direct quotes, observed actions, emotional states, environmental influences, and user aspirations, you build a 360° view of your target audience. This framework solves the all-too-common trap of designing off assumptions by forcing you to ground decisions in real user input.

Empathy Maps work at any stage, early discovery, prototype testing, or ongoing research, and scale from solo sprints to cross-functional workshops. If you're hunting for product-market fit or want to prioritize roadmap features based on what truly matters to your users, the Empathy Map gets you there fast.

Why it matters?

Empathy Maps transform scattered user feedback into a unified narrative that drives smarter product decisions, sharper feature prioritization, and more resonant marketing messages. By understanding what users really care about, beyond clicks and pageviews, you reduce churn, boost engagement, and accelerate product-market fit. When everyone's on the same page about user pains and gains, you cut waste, focus development on high-impact areas, and power sustainable growth.

How it works

Growth co-pilot turns your toughest product questions into clear, data-backed recommendations you can act on immediately.

1

Set the Scope

Choose a specific user segment or persona and define the goal, whether it's a new feature, onboarding flow, or retention block.

2

Gather Qualitative Data

Pull in direct quotes from interviews, survey responses, customer support logs, or field observations.

3

Populate Says & Thinks

In the Says quadrant, record verbatim user quotes. In Thinks, capture their unspoken beliefs and motivations.

4

Map Does & Feels

Document real behaviors in Does and chart emotional states, frustrations, joys, in Feels.

5

Add Sees & Hears

Note environmental influences, such as ads, social media, peers (Hears) and visual inputs like UI screens or contexts (Sees).

6

Identify Pains & Gains

Distill the map into core user pains (roadblocks) and gains (aspirations) to spotlight high-leverage opportunities.

7

Synthesize Insights

Look for patterns in the quadrants to form hypotheses and prioritize the next experiments.

Frequently asked questions

Growth co-pilot turns your toughest product questions into clear, data-backed recommendations you can act on immediately.

What's the difference between an Empathy Map and a Persona?

A Persona is a static profile summarizing demographics and goals; an Empathy Map is a dynamic, collaborative snapshot of what users say, think, do, feel, see, and hear right now. Use the map to surface real-time insights, then turn them into personas.

What's the difference between an Empathy Map and a Persona?

A Persona is a static profile summarizing demographics and goals; an Empathy Map is a dynamic, collaborative snapshot of what users say, think, do, feel, see, and hear right now. Use the map to surface real-time insights, then turn them into personas.

Do I need to interview every user before creating an Empathy Map?

No. Start with a handful of high-value interviews or support transcripts, you just need enough qualitative data to populate each quadrant meaningfully. Refine as you learn more.

Do I need to interview every user before creating an Empathy Map?

No. Start with a handful of high-value interviews or support transcripts, you just need enough qualitative data to populate each quadrant meaningfully. Refine as you learn more.

How often should I update my Empathy Map?

Treat it as a living artifact. Revisit and revise after every major release, user research sprint, or new market test to keep your insights fresh and actionable.

How often should I update my Empathy Map?

Treat it as a living artifact. Revisit and revise after every major release, user research sprint, or new market test to keep your insights fresh and actionable.

Can I build an Empathy Map with quantitative data?

Quant data can guide where to focus but won't fill quadrants on its own. Use numbers to spot trends, then layer on qualitative quotes and observations to complete the map.

Can I build an Empathy Map with quantitative data?

Quant data can guide where to focus but won't fill quadrants on its own. Use numbers to spot trends, then layer on qualitative quotes and observations to complete the map.

How detailed should my Empathy Map quadrants be?

Aim for laser-focused insights, three to five bullet-pointed quotes or observations per quadrant. Enough depth to spark hypotheses, without drowning in noise.

How detailed should my Empathy Map quadrants be?

Aim for laser-focused insights, three to five bullet-pointed quotes or observations per quadrant. Enough depth to spark hypotheses, without drowning in noise.

You've mapped your users' inner worlds, now turn those top pains and gains into high-velocity experiments. Feed your insights into the CrackGrowth diagnostic to uncover hidden friction and launch the tests that move your metrics.